P - effect is one of the mostimportant factors in steel frame structures especially in multi - story and high - rise steelframe structures . codes of many countries aiming at whether considering the p - effects or not and how to consider the p - effects are different in a certain extent P -效应是钢框架特别是高层钢框架结构中一个重要的影响因素，对于钢框架结构是否考虑p -效应以及怎样考虑p -效应的问题，各国规范中的规定间存在一定的差异。
Concerned the discrete area of the steel shape , a method is presented : searching the best solution of continual variable first by criteria , and next searching optimal solution by the direct - searching method of mixed variable on the original point of the continual result 虑到型钢截面的离散化，本文对多层轻钢框架结构优化提出一种近似的处理方法，即先用准则法求得连续变量最优点，然后将其结果作为混合变量直接搜索法的初始点进行第二步优化。
The main contests and conclusions are listed as follows : 1 the failure modes and location of steel frame were analyzed under static loads . the failure modes included strength failure and stability failure . the failure modes of steel frame were introduced under earthquake loads 本文主要研究内容和相应的研究成果概括如下: 1通过对钢框架结构在静力竖向荷载和水平荷载作用下破坏现象和规律的分析,说明梁柱节点受力大、强度低是造成地震中大量钢框架结构房屋梁柱节点焊缝开裂的主要原因。
With the extensive application of composite structures , the behavior of composite actionbetween concrete floor and steel beams has become an attractive area for research . consideringthis kind of combination function , the frame should be designed according to steel - concretecomposite frames , and the working behavior of its beam - column connections is the basis ofanalytic foundation of such frames 随着组合结构的广泛应用,考虑钢筋混凝土楼板和钢梁之间的组合作用也正成为人们越来越关注的研究课题,考虑这种组合作用后,框架应该按钢-混凝土组合框架进行分析设计,其梁柱连接节点半刚性工作性能的分析是这种组合钢框架结构分析的基础。
Three representative mega steel - frame structures are selected . four calculative modes are hypothesized , which are , mode 1 : considering the main - frame , not considering the floor stiffness ; mode 2 : considering the cooperation of main and hypo frames , not considering the floor stiffness ; mode 3 : considering the cooperation of main and hypo frames , and the floor stiffness ; mode 4 : considering the main - frame and the floor stiffness 本文选取了具有代表性的3个巨型钢框架结构作为算例，假设了4个计算方案，即方案1 ：仅考虑主框架、不考虑楼板刚度；方案2 ：考虑主、次框架协同工作、不考虑楼板刚度；方案3 ：考虑主、次框架协同工作和楼板刚度；方案4 ：仅考虑主框架和楼板刚度。
Pseudo - static force testing of 1 : 2 scale models including two steel frame with semi - rigid connections is first carried out in china in order to obtain elastic - plastic behavior of semi - rigid connections steel frames under cyclic loading as well as to analyze collapse characteristic after structural ultimate strength has lost and the coming order of plastic hinges 通过试验考察了半刚性连接平面钢框架结构在循环荷载作用下的弹塑性性能；了解结构在丧失极限承载力后的破坏形态和塑性铰出现的顺序；利用所编程序计算了其中一个框架的受力性能。
This thesis points out a theoretical and experimental analysis of the ultimate load - carrying capacity and deformation of the un - braced ideal steel frames . it evaluates the practicality of the book code for design of steel structure ( gb 50017 - 2003 ) in analysis the internal force of steel frames , and gives some suggestion on the structure analysis and design of steel frame 本文对理想钢框架的极限承载力和变形进行了理论与试验两方面的系统分析，评估了新的《钢结构设计规范》 ( gb50017 - 2003 )关于钢框架结构内力分析条文的适用条件，为钢框架的结构分析和设计提出了一些建议。
