At present , only puffins have been affected by the tree mallow ' s spread . however , researchers warn other ground - nesting seabirds could soon be affected , including herring gulls , black - backed gulls and cormorants 目前只有海雀受到花葵蔓延的影响。然而研究者警告其他地面筑巢的海鸟可能很快就会受到影响，包括银鸥、黑背鸥和鸬? 。
Adult winter heuglin ' s gull : the primary moult begins much later than in other big gulls and progresses slowly through the winter , and moult limits can usually be seen into january - february of the following year ( p9 - 10 ) 灰林银鸥成鸟冬羽：初级飞羽换羽时间较其他种为迟而且整个冬季都在缓慢换羽，所以第二年一二月一般都还可以看到换羽的界限( p9 - 10 ) 。
Adult winter heuglin ' s gull : note dark saddle , head streaking typically restricted to nape and “ collar ” , bright yellow legs ( which usually become a much duller yellow mid - winter ) and old primaries lacking white tips 灰林银鸥成鸟冬羽：注意其鞍部羽色暗灰、头部纵纹一般仅限于后颈及领部、脚鲜黄色(在冬季中期会变得较暗黄色) 、而且初级飞羽旧羽没有白色羽尖。
