Many means such as reasonable selecting mould material , correct forging process , appropriate heat treatment , rough machining of type hole before quenching and so on are taken in production to prevent deformation and cracking of mould effectively 在生产实践中，通过合理选择模具材料、正确的锻造工艺、合适的热处理工艺以及淬火前形孔预加工等措施，可有效防止模具的变形与开裂。
This dissertation investigates the influences of internal press and missiles shape on deformation and rupture of a multi - span thin - walled metal tube that struck by a large - mass and slow - speed missile transversely . 103 impact tests were conducted on a thin tube ( d / t = 44 ) either empty or filled with water using a missile ( dm / t = 6 ) with various nose shapes ( flat - nosed , hemisphere - nosed and conical - nosed ) 采用三种弹体(平头、半球形和圆锥头，弹体直径与管壁厚度之比d _ m t = 6 )对空管和高压充水薄壁钢管(径厚比d t = 44 )进行了冲击破坏实验，预加工作内压分别为0mpa ， 5mpa ， 10mpa和15mpa 。
