How was the world supply of commodity money shared among nations ? 各国间是怎样分配商品货币的世界供应量的呢?
On the historical effect and limitation of commodity currency 论商品货币的历史作用及局限
Commodity theory of money 商品货币学说
There are two forms of money : commodity money and fiat money . the first money is commodity money 货币主要有两种形式:商品货币和纸币。最初的货币形式是商品货币。
Marx thought , in a society where there was only one single public ownership system of the productive materials , there would be no commodity production , and the commodity and money relationship would not exist 马克思认为,在单一的生产资料公有制社会中,不存在商品生产,商品货币关系消亡。个人劳动具有直接的社会性,用劳动时间衡量每个劳动者的劳动量,并按此分配个人消费品。
Guanzi ? qingzhong is an agglomeration of currency thoughts of ancient china . industry and commerce had grew comparatively prosperous since the warring states and qin dynasty where commodity and currency played an important role in the whole economy 我国自秦汉以来逐渐形成了比较繁荣的城市工商业,商品货币流通在整个社会经济生活中的作用中日益突出,许多思想家开始探求商品货币的流通规律。
The commodity based currencies of canada , australia and new zealand are also likely to face some pressure in the early part of 2008 as investors reduce exposure to carry ( high interest rate currencies ) and commodity prices soften due to slower world growth 如加元、澳元、新元等商品货币在2008年初同样面临着压力,这是由于投资者减少套利交易(高利率货币) ,再加上全球经济增长放缓导致商品价格疲软。
Credit is one kind of the behavior borrowing or lending money in economy , belongs to a economics category of commodity - money relationship ; credit is one kind of personality view , one kind of the public belief , and also a morality and ethics category on certain significance 信用是经济上的一种借贷行为,是从属于商品货币关系的一个经济学范畴,也是一种人格主张、一种公众信仰,一定意义上也是一个道德和伦理范畴。