Nothing shall constitute , or have the effect of a waiver except an instrument in writing signed by a duly authorized officer or representative of the party against whom such waiver is sought to be enforced which expressly , and not impliedly , waives a right or rights or an option or options under this agreement 任何一方如果有意放弃本协议里的某项或多项权利,还是放弃某项或多项特权,必须通过由其正式授权人或合法代理人签署的书面文件,毫不含糊、清晰明确地表达该意向,方为有效。
The importance of rule extraction from trained ann is that of using the ann for the " learning " of impliedly rules within swatch knowledge , and then expressing with rules . the goal in rule refinement is to use combination of ann learning and rule extraction techniques to produce a " better " set of symbolic - rules which can then be applied back in the original problem domain . in the rule refinement process , the initial rule base is inserted into an ann by programming some of the 这样既克服了单一专家系统知识获取的“瓶颈” ,又避免了神经网络的“黑箱问题” ;对于知识求精,先把已经得到的规则转换为网络拓扑结构,利用神经网络对知识进行求精,这样可解决初始知识库存在的知识不完全、知识之间不一致、有的知识不正确等问题,改善管理决策的智能水平和增强了系统的运行效能。
2 the parties are considered , unless otherwise agreed , to have impliedly made applicable to their contract or its formation a usage of which the parties knew or ought to have known and which in international trade is widely known to , and regularly observed by , parties to contracts of the type involved in the particular trade concerned 除非另有协议,双方当事人应视为已默示地同意对他们的合同或合同的订立适用双方当事人已知道或理应知道的惯例,而这种惯例,在国际贸易上,已为有关特定贸易所涉同类合同的当事人所广泛知道并为他们所经常遵守。