Phylogeny analysis is performed with phylip software package and encoding sequence of bdnf gene . the phylogeny trees have been drawn with three different methods ( maximum parsimony method , genetic distance method and maximum likelihood method ) , respectively . the analysis outcomes are not all consistent for the reason that it is closely related to the selected methods and the conservative level of the sequences 采用不同的统计学分析方法,最大简约法( maximumparsimonymethod ) 、最大似然法( maximumlikelihoodmethod )和遗传距离法( geneticdistancemethod ) ,得到了物种系统发育进化树,但拓扑结构并不完全一致,这是可能是因为分子系统学研究与采用的分析方法和所选基因的保守程度即作为分子标记的可信度密切相关。
Aligned with cytochrome b sequences from 29 siluriforms in japan , korea , russia , africa , north america and south america retrieved from genbank , and selected astyanax mexicanus , phenacogrammus interruptus , cyprinus carpio and oncorhynchus mykiss as outgroups , which are belonging to characiformes , cypriniformes and salmoniformes , respectively . we constructed a matrix of 65 dma sequences . the kimura ' s two - parameter distances were calculated and molecular phylogenetic trees were constructed by using the maximum parsimony ( mp ) , maximum likelihood ( ml ) and neighbor - joining ( nj ) methods 所得序列与从genbank下载的分布于非洲、北美洲和南美洲等地的鲇形目鱼类同一基因序列进行排序,并选用脂鲤目( characiformes )的墨西哥丽脂鲤( astyanaxmexicanus ) 、断线脂鲤( phenacogrammusinterruptus ) ,鲤形目( cypriniformes )的鲤( cyprinuscarpio )以及鲑形目( salmoniformes )大麻哈鱼属的oncorhynchusmykiss作外类群。
8 computer program , then used to calculate di stance matrix with kimura ' s two - parameter method and construct phylogenetic trees by applying neighbor - joining and maximum parsimony analyses using mega2 . 1 computer program . bootstrap analyses were carried out to evaluate statistical reliability based on 500 resamplings of the data set 新鲜或硅胶干燥样品被用于总dna提取并用于pcr反应, pcr扩增产物回收后直接用于测序反应,序列数据经chstalx1 . 8软件排序后,采用mega2 . 1软件根据kimura ’ s双因子法计算遗传距离,并应用邻接法( neighbour - jointing )和最大简约法( maximumparsimony )构建系统树, bootstrap法( 500次重复)评估分支可信度。
The evolutionary characteristics of both stems and loops of 16s rrna gene partial sequence were analyzed . the kimura ' s 2 - parameter distances were calculated and molecular phlogenetic trees were reconstructed by using the neighbor - joining ( nj ) , maximum parsimony ( mp ) , maximum likelihood ( ml ) methods 分析了?科鱼类16srrna基因部分序列茎区( stemregions )和环区( loopregions )的进化特点;计算了kimura2 - parameter遗传距离;并用邻接法、最大简约法、最大似然法重建了?科鱼类分子系统树。