If this proves to be a permanent shift , slower productivity growth bodes ill for inflation and living standards 如果这被证实为永久性转移,更加缓慢的生产率增长预示着通货膨胀和生活水平的凶兆。
But relatively high growth of service output does not have the same propulsive effect on growth of industrial productivity 但服务业产出增长相对较高,却不会对工业生产率增长产生同样的推动效应。
Substantial growth potential continues to be foregone because of weak productivity growth or constraints on labor and capital markets 由于生产率增长缓慢,劳务和资本市场仍受到抑制,取得实质性增长的前景仍十分渺茫。
In italy and portugal , for example , a combination of strong wage increases and weak productivity growth has undermined cost competitiveness 如在意大利和葡萄牙,工资增长强劲,生产率增长却相对疲软,因此造成成本优势减弱。
Even more important , the latest figures suggest that , whereas productivity growth is now slowing in america , it is accelerating in the euro zone 尤为重要的是,最新的数据表明生产率增长在欧元区正在加速,与此同时它在美国却正在放缓。
Between 1980 and 2000 , uk manufacturing output per person grew by 80 per cent , far outstripping productivity growth in japan , the usa and the rest of europe 2000年,英国工业人均产出增长了80 % ,远远超过了日本、美国和欧洲其他国家的生产率增长。
We will then need just enough growth in private and public spending to offset productivity growth and keep job growth in line with the supply of new workers 在这种情况下,私人和公共消费只要能抵消生产率增长,让就业和劳动力供应保持同步增长就可以了。
So output has been growing while employment has been shrinking , producing the explosion of productivity growth that we observe in the american data 因此,产出提高了,雇员人数却下降了,自然会产生爆炸性的生产率增长,正如咱们现在从美国的数据中所看到的那样。
Productivity growth is usually higher at the beginning of an expansion than at its end as firms work their existing employees harder before hiring new people 通常在每轮扩张中生产率增长在开始时要高于结束时,因为在公司在雇佣新人前会更加严厉的对待它们现有的工人。
Over the last twenty years , manufacturing in the uk shows a remarkable paradox of record productivity growth with sharply declining international competitiveness 在过去的20年里,英国的工业出现了一个引人注意的悖论,生产率增长的同时却伴随着国际竞争力的急速下降。