The author analyses and studies the development and present situations of chinese foreign trade after china ' s reform and opening - up , changes and characteristics of import and export structure , factors of fast improvement of export structure and problems and conflicts of export structural changes etc . author also rationally considers several relations in export structure and draws the basic conclusion after analyzing and researching : ( 1 ) china has become a big country of international trade but not a powerful country and there is still a long way to catch up with other powerful countries of international trade . ( 2 ) chinese export structure has been in a important adjusting moment in which the direction of chinese export trade development is to preserve the current dimension of non - professional labor - dense products as well as put the main point of further extension on capital - dense , technology - dense and knowledge - dense products . ( 3 ) to realize the upgrade of export structure in china , we must emphasize on orientation of competitive advantage , and convert potential comparative advantage into practical competitive one 通过分析和研究得出的基本结论是： ( 1 )中国已发展成为世界贸易大国，但是还算不上世界贸易强国，与世界贸易强国相比，尚有很大差距，要成为世界贸易强国，还有很长的路要走； ( 2 )中国出口商品结构已进入到一个大调整阶段，今后中国商品出口贸易的发展方向应该是在保持非熟练劳动密集型产品出口已有规模的同时，将商品出口贸易进一步扩张的着眼点置于资本、技术与知识密集型产品上； ( 3 )要实现中国出口商品结构的升级，必须以竞争优势为导向，将潜在的比较优势转化为现实的竞争优势。
