Something unexpected may happen any time . from 1980s , more and more catastrophes occurred in many areas . from the aspect of supply and demand , the traditional insurance is becoming saturated “天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福” ，自20世纪80年代以来，巨灾风险在世界各地的发生频率和损失程度呈现上升的趋势。
Fourteen teams of experts from the federal emergency management agency are evaluating the damage to assess what federal assistance might be needed in situations that overwhelm state and local capabilities 来自联邦应急管理局的十四支专家组正在对损失程度进行评估，以预计在地方和州政府能力范围外的还需要怎样的联邦协助。
The july 7 london bombings are set to wipe ? 300million off britain ' s turnover from foreign tourism this year and yesterday ' s attempted attacks will make it even worse , the industry has warned 英国旅游业有关机构7月22日发出警告， 7日发生在伦敦的连环爆炸案将会给该国旅游业造成3亿英镑的损失，而21日发生的第二轮爆炸袭击事件则令损失程度进一步加重。
So " insurance law " regulation , underwriter , insurant is the quality that find out and defines insurance accident , reason and insurance mark loss rate place pays necessary , reasonable charge , assume by the underwriter 所以《保险法》规定，保险人、被保险人为查明和确定保险事故的性质、原因和保险标的的损失程度所支付的必要的、合理的费用，由保险人承担。
Article 48 the insurer shall bear the necessary and reasonable expenses incurred by the insurer and the insured from investigating and ascertaining the nature of and the cause for the occurrence of the insured event , and the extent of loss or damage to the subject matter of the insurance 第四十八条保险人、被保险人为查明和确定保险事故的性质、原因和保险标的的损失程度所支付的必要的、合理的费用，由保险人承担。
So a complete risk control system is urgently needed to control risks of marketing channel and minimize their damages to marketing channel and enterprises . as for actual risks encountered by domestic industries , this paper tries to work out a risk control system of marketing channel on the basis of china ’ s basic national situation . it also establish concerning risk warning system through quantitative analysis 而目前国内理论界和企业界对营销渠道风险的研究还很不完善,因此,就迫切需要一套完整的营销渠道风险控制体系来识别风险、衡量风险的频率和损失程度,更好的对风险进行控制和管理,最大限度的减少风险对营销渠道和企业的损害。
Say so , of the quality that proves insurance accident , reason and insurance mark loss rate , it is the procedure that the insurance premium place that should pay responsibility of except of the extent of liability that clear underwriter assumes , make a clear distinction , finally certainly must perform , it is the one part that underwriter manage compensate works 所以说，查明保险事故的性质、原因和保险标的的损失程度，是明确保险人承担的责任范围、划清除外责任、最终确定应该支付的保险费所必须履行的程序，是保险人理赔工作的一部分。
After accident of 3 , insurance happens , contract of according to insurance requests insurance company to compensate for or give when paying insurance gold , policy - holder , insurant or beneficiary beneficiary ought to offer what its can offer to wait for concerned proof and data with rate of the nature that acknowledges insurance accident , reason , loss to insurance company 保险事故发生后,依照保险合同请求保险公司赔偿或给付保险金时,投保人、被保险人或者受益人应当向保险公司提供其所能提供的与确认保险事故的性质、原因、损失程度等有关的证实和资料。
Allowing for the developing security market and the inexperienced investors in china , fund managers have to weigh profitability of fund asset against liquidity involved , so as to reduce the loss of net fund value and to drop the possibility " of liquidity risk due to investors " withdrawal . these are the keys to the study of open - end fund liquidity risk 目前我国证券市场还不完善，市场投资者还不成熟，基金管理者如何在运营中平衡基金资产的盈利性和流动性，以实现基金面临赎回时，尽可能地减少基金净值的损失程度，降低因投资者赎回造成挤兑风险进而可能诱发流动性风险的可能性，是开放式基金流动性风险研究的关键所在。
If the applicant , the insured or the beneficiary , following the occurrence of an insured event , provides forged and altered relevant evidence , information or other proofs , falsifies the cause of the occurrence of the insured event or overstates the extent of the loss , then the insurer shall bear no obligation for indemnity or payment of the insurance benefits for the portion which is falsified or overstated 保险事故发生后，投保人、被保险人或者受益人以伪造、变造的有关证明、资料或者其他证据，编造虚假的事故原因或者夸大损失程度的，保险人对其虚报的部分不承担赔偿或者给付保险金的责任。
