硬约束的英文

• hard rationing

• "硬"英文翻译    hard; stiff; tough
• "约束"英文翻译    keep within bounds; restrain ...
• "约束" 英文翻译 :    keep within bounds; restrain; bind; bound; boundage;tie; restraint; restriction; engagement; repress; constraint 约束自己 restrain oneself; 约束自己的感情 restrain one's feelings; 自我约束 self-discipline; self-control; 不受传统观念的约束 bound by no traditional idea; 打破[摆脱]一切约束 throw [shake; break] all restraint; 在法律和道德的约束下 be bound by legal and moral ties; 他受到自己诺言的严格约束。 he was bound hand and foot by his promise.; 约束力 force of constraint
• "schema约束" 英文翻译 :    schema constraint
• "unique约束" 英文翻译 :    unique constraints
• "λ约束" 英文翻译 :    lambda binding
• "不约束" 英文翻译 :    non restraint; nonrestraintt
• "磁约束" 英文翻译 :    magnetic confinement
• "端约束" 英文翻译 :    end restraint
• "多约束" 英文翻译 :    multiple constraints
• "紧约束" 英文翻译 :    tight constraint
• "列约束" 英文翻译 :    column constraint
• "零约束" 英文翻译 :    zero restriction
• "面约束" 英文翻译 :    constrain face
• "契约束" 英文翻译 :    nexus of contract
• "全约束" 英文翻译 :    perfect restraint
• "软约束" 英文翻译 :    soft rationing
• "受约束" 英文翻译 :    in harness; in line; in the collar
• "无约束" 英文翻译 :    unrestraint; absence of restriction
• "限定，约束" 英文翻译 :    restrict v. keewithin limits
• "限制, 约束" 英文翻译 :    in restraint of
• "限制,约束" 英文翻译 :    restrai to /sth; restrainst on sb/sth
• "虚约束" 英文翻译 :    passive constraint; redundant (or passive) constraint; redundant constraint; redundant （or pa ive） co traint
• "抑制 约束" 英文翻译 :    inhibit
• "抑制,约束" 英文翻译 :    restrain

• An important advantage of predictive control is its ability to cope with hard constraints on controls and states
  其主要优点是具有处理控制和状态硬约束的能力。
• This section includes the following aspect : to cultivate the marketing concept of employees , to establish a strict finance and accounting system , to implement the logistics plan step by step and to use the advantages of network
  文章最后从员工新型营销理念培养、强化财务杠杆“硬约束” 、分阶段实施物流方案以及充分利用网络优势等方面对hs公司提出了方案实施建议。
• The corporation financing theory developed quickly from 1958 , at which time modigliani and miller put forward mm theory . we could use the experience of the study method , analysis train of thought , and some basic conclusion for reference , to do some research for the chinese corporations
  在那里,企业基本是一个较为独立的融资主体,企业运行面临预算硬约束;整个资本市场成为企业生存和发展的决定因素,甚至企业财务、企业融资是同资本市场的运作有机融为一体的。
• This methodology proposes a new classification to the constraints of production system , and provides the ideas of establishing work flow models based on system dynamics in order to reflect the influence of human factor on process flow , and exploiting the technique of process mining to trace and control the constraints
  这一方法对现有的生产系统约束分类进行改进，将约束分为硬约束和软约束，提出对不同类别的约束采取不同的解决措施；建立基于系统动力学的工作流模型，以反映人的因素对流程产生的影响，并采用过程挖掘技术实现对生产系统约束的追踪、控制及改进。
• Traditional natural monopoly theory used government regulation of natural monopoly industries as the answer to the question of " market failure " , which ignored that government as a link of trust - agency was influenced by some condition such as many - faceted aim function , uncompleted information and the defect in its public decision theory etc . then under the lack of rigid restrain , the action of government regulation maybe produce some negative influence including the question of dynamic consistency
  传统自然垄断规制理论将政府规制视为“市场失败”的政府解，忽略了政府作为委托代理链条中的一环，受其目标函数多元化、信息不完全、公共决策体制存在的缺陷等情况所影响，在缺乏硬约束的情况下，政府规制行为有可能会衍生出动态一致性( dynamicconsistency )问题。
• This paper analysis the reason in the level of cost and rules , build a model to test the financing cost of capital of listed companies , compare of the cost of equity financing and debt financing directly , prove the cost of equity financing is lower than debt financing in current period . because equity financing should be improving the capital structure of china ' s listed companies , equity financing is the first choice to the listed companies , another reason of the choice is the risk aversion of the manager to the hard constrained control of debt financing , but the soft constrained control of equity financing , hence the intensity of the equity financing
  本文从成本和制度层面对上市公司股权融资偏好的原因进行分析，建立了我国上市公司的融资资本成本核算模型，直观地比较了股权融资及债权融资的成本，证明在我国现阶段股权融资的成本更低，而且由于股权融资可以明显改善公司资本结构，所以中国上市公司的股权融资偏好是其理性选择，另外我国上市公司的经营管理层厌恶债权融资还本付息的硬约束，更倾向于股权融资的软约束，也加强了股权融资偏好的强度。
• Following reasons lead to the improper cash dividend policy : the equity structure dominated by a shareholder makes the manager and dominating shareholder have incentives for controlling dividend policy ; the bank system which is in weak position in governance structure lacks of governing ability ; inefficiency stock market cannot provide ‘ hard constraints ’ for external governance
  本文指出,导致现金股利政策的决定不科学的原因有以下:一股独大的股权结构导致上市公司经理人和大股东具有操纵现金股利的动机;银行处于相对弱势的地位,其对上市公司缺乏治理能力;并非有效的证券市场无法提供外部治理的硬约束。
• The dissertation endeavors to identify , probe and develop new theories and tools that will work in digital time in scm area by systematic studies . on the basal theories of scm and e - business , analyzes the difference of scm in environment of e - business with traditional environment , puts forward the method , principle and step of designing and constructing of supply chain in e - business , probes into the collaboration management of supply chain from two aspect , one is hard road , another is soft road
  从供应链管理和电子商务的基本理论出发，分析了电子商务环境与传统商务环境下供应链管理的差异；提出了电子商务环境下供应链设计与重构的方法、原则和步骤，指导企业设计适合自己的供应链；对电子商务环境下如何实现协调运行展开分析，从软约束和硬约束两个方面来探讨供应链的协同管理问题。
• As the reforms toward a market - oriented economy make forward , enterprises become the subject of the changing market economy . establishing a modern enterprise govern mechanism is a key element of the enterprise reforms in china . the mechanism of " hard financing " for chinese enterprises has gradually established and the choice of corporate financing methods becomes more and more important
  随着我国市场经济体制改革进程的深入，企业作为市场经济的主体置身于动态的市场经济环境之中，建立现代企业制度成为中国企业改革的基本方向，企业资金硬约束机制逐渐形成，企业融资方式的选择问题也越来越重要。