Applying spatial interpolation and data topographty model , realizes that isoline data create grid data , forms surface and makes three - dimensional geological body , according to the actual demands in oil and gas field development 运用空间插值、数字地形模型等方法,根据油气田开发中的实际需要,实现由等值线数据生成网格数据,形成构建表面,最终得到三维地质体。
Also , this soft ware can achieve spatial interpolation , construction pixel data set . the 3d liver reconstruction is based on volume rendering algorithm , and the interactive operation of rotation and incision on reconstructed liver can be accomplished with the proposed software very 作者在本论文中通过对三维数据可视化理论、医学图像三维重建技术及实现方法的分析和研究,设计了一套实用的基于腹部ct平片的肝脏三维重建软件。
It realized the spatial interpolation software grounded on geostatistics seamlesslly integrated with the system using the way of oop and the technology of ole / activex based on com . using vector - grid spatial - overlap analysis to solve the limitation of the grid and general vector data structure in the course of creating prescription , it made fertilizer prescription founded on the main factor of soil nutrient and yield - target . also it effectively integrated comgis with exper t system using the technique of loose coupling 以面向对象的设计方法为基础,利用“组件对象模型”基础上ole / activex技术实现基于地统计学的空间插值软件实现及与施肥处方系统的无缝集成;应用基于矢量网格的空间叠加分析方法解决栅格和常规矢量数据结构在处方生成中的局限,生成了基于土壤养分和目标产量为主要因素的施肥处方;利用松散耦合技术将comgis与施肥专家系统进行有效集成;充分考虑施肥机对施肥处方数据结构要求,在wgs - 84坐标系下采用具有栅格单元的矢量施肥处方。
Kriged interpolation maps provided good indication of the spatial variability in crop yield and growth status . spatial interpolation and correlation analysis proved that spad lai was more indicative of crop growth status than individual variable , and useful for implementing growth season regulation and topdressing as needed 克里格插值图可很好地描述作物长势和产量的空间变异,空间插值分析与相关分析结果都说明,采用spad * lai二乘因子较之单个变量能更精确反映作物长势,从而有助于实施产中调控和按需补给。
We combine the algorithm of ray casting and z - buffer to rebuild 3d data , and use marching cubes to create iso - surfaces in 3d regular data sets . several common spatial interpolation are discussed in this thesis , and the famous kriging algorithm in the geological statistics is the emphasis . - four interpolations are used in the case of study , and the results are compared in this thesis 在系统实现中,针对两类算法的不同特点,在不同的模块中选用了两类算法中的经典算法:提出将光线投射法与z - buffer算法结合实现三维体数据重建;使用移动立方体法实现三维数据场的等值面绘制。
Many organic and inorganic contaminants of the shallow groundwater in city zone and close suburb of beijing were investigated on the spot , more than 100 samples were got . by spatial analysis , modeling calculation and spatial interpolation , maps of each contaminant distributions are made and divided into two parts , the beyond the standard and below the standard . with those maps , the total environmental quality of the groundwater is evaluated 利用本系统提供的空间分析、模型运算等分析工具,对2000 2001年北京城近郊区浅层地下水环境污染进行了如下评价分析工作: ( 1 )对地下水调查中检测出的各种有机污染物和无机污染物进行了空间插值分析,划定了超标区的分布范围; ( 2 )对2000年枯水期的浅层地下水综合环境质量进行了分析和评价; ( 3 )对1996 、 1999和2000年的综合水质评价图进行了对比分析,发现北京城近郊区浅层地下水环境综合质量逐年下降;预知未来几年内,浅层地下水环境质量不会有明显好转。
As far as daily surface air mean temperature , rmsie is below 0 . 5ctc . as for daily surfac e air max and min temperature , the rmsie are respectively lower than 0 . 74 and 0 . 58 . ( 4 ) the model a takes into account the fact that temperature lapse rate changes according to such factors as topography , latitude , longitude and moisture transfer , etc . the effect of spatial interpolation that uses it is not noticeably ameliorated by contrast with using the model a . there remains a need for further study 其中,改进方案a与其它方法相比,效果较好,其me均在0 . 03以下,对于地面日平均气温场, rmsie均在0 . 50以下,对于表面大气日最高温度场, rmsie均在0 . 74以下,对于地面日最低气温场, rmsie均在0 . 58以下;在方案a的基础上,考虑温度直减率随经、纬度和地形以及水汽输送等因素变化的分区插值方案,与方案a比较,插值效果没有明显改善,因此还需要进一步的研究。
During the course of the research , the criterions of the interpolation effect are mean error ( me ) , mean absolute error ( mae ) , root mean squared interpolation error ( rmse ) and the difference of mean square deviation between the measured and the estimated surface air temperature . the conclusions are as follows : ( 1 ) by contrasting the gaussian weighted model associated with the error modification with the gaussian weighted model , the error modification is proved to considerably ameliorate the precision of spatial interpolation ; ( 2 ) on the base of the gaussian weighted model , taking altitudinal effect into account can reflect the trend in which temperature changes according to the topographic altitude and may ameliorate the precision of spatial interpolation correspondingly and apparently , which indicates that topographical effect on the preciseness of spatial interpolation can not be disregarded in terms of the region with complicated topography ; ( 3 ) the map of daily surface air temperature distribution , using the modified gaussian weighted model a and b , can accurately reflect the temperature - changing - with - topographical - altitude trend . among them , the better is the model a , whose me is below 0 . 03 ? 在此过程中,采用平均误差( me ) ,平均绝对误差( mae ) ,插值平均误差平方的平方根( rootmeansquaredinterpolationerror ,简称rmsie ) ,插值前后测站要素值的均方差( meansquaredeviation ,简称msd )差值作为判定插值效果的标准,得出如下结论:通过高斯权重法与结合逐步订正的高斯权重法的对比,说明结合逐步订正方案的高斯权重法可大大提高地面日气温的插值精度;在高斯权重法中加入海拔影响项可以反映出温度随地形高度的变化趋势,同时也能较大地提高地面日气温的空间插值精度,说明在地形复杂的区域,地形影响在插值精度中是不可忽略的;对于高斯权重法的两种改进方案得到的地面日气温分布图都能很好地反映出表面大气气温随地形高度的变化趋势。
We got the spatial distribution map of population density by spatial interpolation , in which the population data are distributed on the grids . the results of the distribution of interpolated based on gis is closed to a real population distribution . the combination of the spatial interactive models and a shortest path algorithm for public transit network is analyzed by supermarket ' s accessibility based on pedestrianism and public transit . this methods may be used to investigate potential supermarket ' s locations . the quantitative analysis about the supermarket ' s market area is realized based on trade mode of lashmanan and hansen , which mainly includes spatial distribution of population , traffic accessibility and free competition between different firms 文中应用空间内插技术实现了人口数据空间分布化,将人口数据通过空间插值分布于研究区域内,使人口空间分布更接近实际;应用公交最短路径算法及空间相互作用模型实现了基于步行和公交出行的超市可达性,将交通对超市选址的影响定量化,方便了方案的比选;在综合考虑人口空间分布、超市交通可达性、现有零售商业竞争态势的基础上,基于拉、汉购物模式实现了超市商圈定量分析。