2 . the birds use resources in guilds in secondary forests the birds can be divided into 7 guilds in zuojia secondary forests according to foraging habitat and height , thertby they can use the foraging space and resources efficiency 2 、次生林鸟类以集团形式对各种资源进行利用根据取食生境及高度,左家次生林繁殖鸟类群落分为7个取食集团,从而有效对生境中的取食空间和食物资源进行利用。
" the majority of the proposed country park is hilly areas and upland valleys covered with natural woodland and unspoiled streams . also of high conservation value are the well - established areas of secondary woodlands , developed montane forests and fresh water habitats 建议中的扩建范围大部分都是高山及高地幽谷,有不少天然林木和未受污染的溪流。山区中茂密的次生林地、高地树林及淡水生境均具有高度的自然护理价值。
The proportions of large , middle and small patches were small patch > middle patch > large patch in all gradient zones . from suburbs to secondary forests , the area ratio of middle and small patches was increased , but that of large patches was significantly decreased 大、中、小斑块的数量比例在各梯度区之间都是小斑块数量比中斑块数量比大斑块数量比。沿城区到天然次生林区方向,中小斑块的面积百分比逐渐增大,而大斑块则呈明显的下降趋势。
The life - form spectrum , plant kinds , vertical structure and horizontal structure of oka nutural secondary forest in baotianman national reserve were preliminary analyzed , which has produced the more conjecture : the vertical distribution in the area is obvious ; the kinds of phanphytes plants in the community is the most ; the q . variabilis and q . variabilis are on predominance ground 摘要对宝天曼自然保护区栎类天然次生林群落的生活型谱、种类组成、垂直结构和水平结构进行了初步分析,并由此进一步推测:该地区植物群落垂直分布较明显;群落中高位芽植物最多,占61 . 6 % ;栓皮栎和锐齿栎在群落中正处于优势地位。
The paper establishes a ecological transect , with a length of 90 km and width of 16 km , utilizing the part of tm data on 16th august 1998 , from harbin to the natural secondary forests in maoershan , heilongjiang province . with supervised classification , the tm data which had been corrected and enhanced via erdas , combining the data of gps in the field , was classified by seven types including : residential area , glebe , paddy field 本论文利用1998年8月16日的tm卫星数据的一部分,设置从黑龙江省哈尔滨市到帽儿山天然次生林区,长90km ,宽16km的生态研究样带。通过用erdas对卫星数据的校正、图像增强等处理,结合gps野外实地调查数据,进行有监督分类。共分为7种类型:居民点、旱田、水田、河流、灌丛、阔叶林、针叶林,并建立了卫星影像分类解译标志。
3 . there exists community organizer during the process of secondary foresrt birds community forming pied magpie is one of the community organizers in secondary forest , it mainly influences the raptors community structure , and influences large bird guilds that nesting on ground and cavity - nesting birds indirectly , thereby it influences the whole birds community structure 3 、次生林鸟类群落结构形成中有群落组织者的存在喜鹊是次生林中的群落组织者之一,主要影响猛禽群落的形成猛禽群落组成的变化,又间接影响次生林中的营地面巢的大型鸟类和营洞巢的大型鸟类群落构成,从而对整个群落的组成产生影响。
The study has investigated and compared soil physical , chemical , biochemical properties of eight stands on paired sites in mountainous regions of northeastern china , trying to look for the mechanism of soil degradation and the change trend of soil properties in different age of plantations in relations to forest productivity . the eight stands are 4 first rotation of larix olgensis plantations with different age classes , the second rotation of larix olgensis young stand , pinus sylvestris var 本文通过固定和典型样地,对东北山地不同生长发育阶段落叶松人工林和二代落叶松幼龄林以及与二代落叶松幼龄林同一块林地的樟子松幼龄林、天然次生林、落叶松水曲柳混交林等8个林型土壤质量进行了对比与分析,深入探讨了落叶松人工林土壤质量降低的机理和不同发育阶段土壤质量变化规律以及与森林生产力变化的关系,并提出了林地土壤质量调控措施。
4 . habitat fragmentation can lead to form new avian community the species number of birds community raises following the increase of pathes area . the area size with little influence on birds that nest in cavities and shrubs , and the birds that nesting on ground and in tree coronal layer influenced by area size 4 、栖息地破碎化能形成新的鸟类群落鸟类群落物种数随次生林斑块面积的增大而增加,营洞巢和灌丛巢鸟受面积因素影响较小;营地面巢和树冠巢乌类受面积因素影响较大。
Of the species , . characters of ecology , reproductive biology , genetic diversity , population genetic structure , endangering mechanisms , and sampling strategy have been studied in view of conservation biology . the results may be summarized as follows : by field investigation , we found that the localities recorded for four specimens of d . versipellis and d . pleiantha had disappeared , and most of the present populations are located in protected subforests . the distributional range of d . versipellis has also been reduced greatly , evidently , the number of present populations has decreased , the resources are reduced sharply , and the species are clearly endangered 从保育生物学的角度,对八角莲种群生态学和生物学特性、遗传多样性水平和遗传结构、濒危机制及保育取样策略进行了研究,结果如下:通过野外调查发现,原标本记载的一些八角莲和六角莲种群已难以找到,该类群目前多分布于自然保护区外围次生林地带,分布范围明显缩小,现存群体的规模也明显减少,资源量贫乏,物种处于濒危状况。
The result showed that landscape diversity index and evenness index increase along the gradient , whilst dominant index decrease along the gradient zones . in general , landscape elements present concentrative d istributing patterns for great size , with landscape patch density and edged density smaller and landscape heterogeneity lower than others within closing to gradient of the city 优势度指数呈相反的变化趋势。在接近城市的梯度区内一般是景观要素以大面积相对集中的分布格局,景观斑块密度与边缘密度较小,景观异质性较低。越接近天然次生林区,景观异质程度越大。