Firstly , a simple and practical representing method of the tooth edge tangential vector is applied to replace the traditional differential formula , the simple solving technique of edge contact problem makes the geometric edge contact analysis of the complex curve surface realize . secondly , using numerical searching and mathematical programming method solves the contact directions and loaded contact problem . finally , whole numerical simulation method is provided for loaded tooth contact analysis of high contact ratio spiral bevel gears 首先以一种简单实用的轮齿边缘切矢量的数学表示方法取代了经典的微分表达式,大大简化了几何边缘接触的求解,使复杂曲面的几何边缘接触分析得以实现;其次又采用数值搜索与数学规划法求解了边缘接触的主方向和承载接触问题,为高重合度弧齿锥齿轮承载啮合全过程的数值仿真提供了完整的方法。
In upper level optimization , the thickness and geometry factors of composite skins and webs as well as other structural dimensions are taken as design variables . then , considering the behavior constraints and the side constraints , the structural mass is minimized by the mathematical programming technique . in lower level optimization , the mathematical programming technique or the genetic algorithm ( ga ) is used to search the practical stacking sequence of composite skins and webs to realize the given thickness and geometry factors from upper level optimization 底层优化设西北工业大学博士学位论文计以复合材料蒙皮和腹板等层合板各分层的厚度(或铺层数) 、铺层角和铺层顺序为设计变量,以层合板的几何因子与顶层优化设计给出的最优几何因子之间的误差最小为目标,考虑层合板厚度和制造工艺性约束,采用数学规划方法或遗传算法( geneticalgorithm ,简称ga )求出底层最优设计变量。
Based on consider hereinbefore , this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development " , stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range , thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources , put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system , contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation , combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources , fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting , pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method , introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently , and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language , and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox , applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve , adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method , combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system , discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model , combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater , emphasized how to make the model more nicety , more simple , more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources , the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea , scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation , credible forecast methods of resources , exercisable measures of resources management , the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer , the transform of manage system , the matched policy and rule of law , the adjusted of economy lever , the improve of cultural diathesis , the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures , the control of population rising , the prevention and cure of water pollute , the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy , earth system science , and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources 基于以上考虑,论文主要从以下几方面对地下水资源可持续开发问题进行了比较深入的探讨:全面回顾了“可持续发展”概念的由来与演变,对国内外“可持续发展”的研究现状进行了述评,并对“可持续发展”概念的科学内涵进行了深入探讨;对涉及地下水资源的一些最基本的概念和命题进行了全面的回顾和评述,对目前仍然存在的一些错误观点和混乱认识提出了自己的见解;全面阐述了地下水资源变值系统理论的内容和意义,并与传统的地下水资源计算评价方法进行了对比分析,结合实例具体说明了方法的应用;深入分析了地下水资源预测预报工作的极端重要性和复杂性,对传统的地下水资源动态预测方法进行了全面的评述,指出了各类预测预报方法的特点及适用条件,对最近二十多年刚发展起来的小波分析技术的主要思想和方法及其应用范围,以及号称第五代计算机语言的matlab软件和附带的小波分析工具箱进行了介绍,并应用于地下水动态过程线的分析,采用时间序列中的b ? j法,蒙特卡罗方法,与地下水资源变值系统理论相结合,探讨了地下水动态资料分析和地下水资源预测预报的新思路;综合分析了现今各类地下水管理模型的特点及缺陷,将数学规划、数理统计、随机过程等与地下水变值系统理论相结合进行地表水地下水或多水源的联合优化调度,使模型更准确、更实用;对保证地下水资源可持续开发的内部条件和外部条件进行了分析,内部河海人学博卜学位论文前言、摘要、目录条件主要是正确的资源观,科学的资源计算与评价方法,可靠的资源预测预报技术,可操作的资源管理措施,外部条件主要是高层发展思路、管理体制的变革、配套的政策法规、经济杠杆的调节、人文素质的提高、节水意识的增强及具体节水措施、人口增长的控制、水体污染的防治、生态的恢复和重建等;从宇宙科学、地球系统科学及哲学的高度审视地下水资源的可持续开发;指出了地下水资源可持续开发的进一步研究方向。
The problem has been studied from two sides , firstly , from the viewpoint of applicability , based on the development strategic objectives of the oil company , with the aim to unify the exploration and extraction decisions of the resources in an integrated framework , and integrate the macro economic and technical objectives with micro economic and technical models of an oil well , an integrated non - linear dynamic optimal control model has been constructed , the objective is the benefit maximum of the exploration and extraction of the resources , and the optimal strategies are obtained by changing the problem into a non - linear mathematical programming problem , on the other hand , from the more macro level , based on the analysis of the characteristics of the exploration and extraction activities of oil and gas resources , a conclusion is easily deduced that the procedure is full of randomicity , then discovering procedure of oil deposit is proved to be a poisson process , and the reserves process is a supermartingale process , so the model of exploration discovery rate and the reserves model could be constructed 本文从两个侧面对此问题进行了研究,首先从实用性出发,以公司层次的战略性规划目标为基础,将勘探阶段与开发阶段的工程技术及经济方面的决策整合在一个模型框架内,同时将宏观层次的经济技术目标与单个油气井生产的微观技术经济模型相结合,以油气资源勘探与开发的经营效益最大化为目标,建立了一个非线性确定型综合动态优化模型,通过将原非线性最优控制问题转化为一非线性数学规划问题进行了求解。其次从相对更宏观的层次上,通过对油气资源勘探与开发的特点分析,认为具有很强的随机性,证明了勘探活动发现油气藏的过程为一泊松过程,所发现的油气藏储量为一上鞅过程,在此基础上,建立了油气藏勘探发现率模型及储量模型,在油气价格服从几何布朗运动条件下,以油气开采收益最大化为目标,建立了一个油气资源勘探与开发的随机最优控制模型,采用动态规划方法得到了值函数的hjb方程,并针对方程的特点,以及方程及其变量所对应的经济学意义,对最优策略的求解进行了一些讨论。
Normally , we try to get the dual form of mathematical programming to change primary programming , which is difficult to be solved into its dual programming , which is easily to be solved . after we had got the dual form of two programming , we found their form were very simply because they had only nonnegative and linear constraints 通常,我们求出规划问题的对偶形式是希望将不易求解的原问题转化为易于求解的对偶问题,在分别得到这两类问题的对偶形式后,发现其形式简单,只带有非负约束和线性约束。
This paper applicates the mathematical programming and presents the model of containership optimization , and develops computer procedure of containership prestowage . it discusses the principle and implementation method of the optimize model , including following : the process of containership stowage ; introducing of the blocks ; a strategic planning process and a tactical planning process of containership prestowage ; computing principle and method of buoyancy , stability and strengh , besides checking principle of them 本文引入数学规划的方法,建立了集装箱船预配的优化数学模型,开发了集装箱船预配计算程序。文章详细介绍了该优化模型的原理和实现方法,主要内容包括:集装箱船的配载过程,装载单元块的提出和划分,集装箱船战略配载和战术配载,船舶性能计算与校核。
2 . chapter 3 applied the results obtained in chapter 2 to estimate to solution - set of a parametric mathematical programming . results about stability of a parametric linear programming and estimate to bound of solution - set of a parametric linear programming is established ; under the assumptions in this chapter , results obtained is more sharper than ones obtained in last 在第3章中,将第2章的结果应用到参数规划的解集的估计,得到了参数线性规划和参数二次规划的稳定性结果,同时也给出参数线性规划的解集的界的估计,在相同的假设条件下得到的结果比目前已有的结果好(即,更sharper ) 。
2 . for the problem with size , stress and displacement constraints , the stress constraint is transformed into movable lower bounds of sizes , the displacement constraint is transformed into an approximate function which explicitly includes design variables by using mohr integral theory . a mathematical programming model of the optimization problem is set up . the dual programming of the model is approached into a quadratic programming model 2 .对于尺寸、应力和位移约束的问题,将应力约束化为动态下限,用单位虚荷载方法将位移约束近似显式化,构造优化问题的数学规划模型,将其对偶规划处理为二次规划问题,采用lemke算法进行求解,得到满足尺寸、应力和位移约束条件的截面最优解。