A study on the regulation to national monopoly by international anti - monopoly law 国际反垄断法对国家垄断的规制探讨
With the abandonment of mercantilism and the grant of oversea state trading monopolies , paternalism gave way to private enterprise 参考译文:放弃重商主义,赋予海外贸易的国家垄断权,家长式的管理便让位给了私人企业。
It has lowered trade barriers and tax rates , broken state monopolies , unshackled industry , encouraged competition , and opened up to the rest of the world 它减少贸易壁垒,降低税率,打破国家垄断,解放工业,鼓励竞争,向全世界开放。
To have a further knowledge of it , the relations and differences among administrative monopoly , economic monopoly , state monopoly , and natural monopoly is stated 为进一步认识行政垄断,文章分析了行政垄断与经济垄断、国家垄断、自然垄断的联系和区别。
Although the administrative monopoly , economic monopoly , natural monopoly , and country ' s monopoly have the same characteristics in some fields , they are definitely different however 行政垄断与经济垄断、国家垄断、自然垄断相比,有其相同或相似的一面,但更有其显著的区分。
Further research indicates that postal state monopoly repels , restrains and hinders other participants participating in competition , which causes enormous losses to social net welfare 进一步分析表明,邮政的国家垄断排斥、限制和妨碍其他参与者参与竞争,对社会冷福利和消费者冷福利造成巨大损失。
So , i advocate that the competition mechanism of the market should be introduced to postal services except that the basic communication service should be monopolized by country within one period 43 。因此,笔者主张除邮政基本通信业务在一段时期内仍由国家垄断经营外,其他邮政业务完全可以引入市场竞争机制。
To realise the economic benefits of mobile phones , governments in such countries need to do away with state monopolies , issue new licences to allow rival operators to enter the market and slash taxes on handsets 为了实现手机的经济效益,发展中国家政府应当终止对电信业的国家垄断,给国家营运商的竞争对手发放许可证使他们进入电信业市场并削减手机应缴的税款。
In the first part , the thesis analyses the composition of administrative monopoly after defining its concept , and points out that administrative monopoly is different from economic monopoly , natural monopoly and state monopoly 第一部分,作者在界定了行政垄断的含义之后,分析了行政垄断的特征,并对行政垄断与经济垄断、自然垄断和国家垄断等相关概念进行了区分。
Since the eighties of the 20th century , the countries have monopolized education , which caused a lot of drawbacks such as structure of education being rigid , educational efficiency being low , and educational resource being wasted 20世纪80年代以来,对由国家垄断教育所造成的诸如教育体制僵化、教育效率低下、教育资源浪费等弊端的批评日益增多,西方各国教育改革中的市场化倾向也越来越明显。